基于SMO的SynRM无位置传感器直接转矩控制系统

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2024.12.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

直接转矩控制因具有控制结构简单、电机参数依赖性小以及鲁棒性好等优点成为同步磁阻电机(Synchronous Reluctance Motor,SynRM)的常用控制方法。传统直接转矩控制系统使用编码器来获得电机转速和转子位置信息,编码器安装在电机轴上,既不利于电机的小型化,也使生产成本增加,降低了系统可靠性。文中提出一种分段饱和函数代替传统的符号函数,同时提出一种自适应滑模增益设计来改进滑模观测器,并应用于SynRM无位置传感器直接转矩控制。引入CORDIC(Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer)算法对锁相环加以优化,从而估算电机转速。为验证所提理论的正确性和有效性,搭建了专用实验平台对其启动特性和抗负载扰动性能进行测试。实验结果表明,相比传统方法,无位置传感器控制方法能够快速准确地实现电机转速估算,使稳态误差控制在0.5%以内,有效降低了系统成本。

关键词: 同步磁阻电机, 直接转矩控制, 无位置传感器, 滑模观测器, 锁相环, 分段饱和函数, 自适应滑模增益设计, CORDIC算法

Abstract:

Direct torque control is a common control method for SynRM(Synchronous Reluctance Motor) because of its simple control structure, small motor parameter dependence and good robustness. The traditional direct torque control system uses encoder to obtain the information of motor speed and rotor position. The encoder is installed on the motor shaft, which is not good for the miniaturization of the motor, but also increases the production cost and reduces the system reliability. In this study, a piecewise saturation function is proposed to replace the traditional symbolic function, and an adaptive sliding mode gain design is proposed to improve the sliding mode observer, which is applied to SynRM position sensorless direct torque control. The CORDIC(Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer) algorithm is introduced to optimize the phase-locked loop, so as to estimate the motor speed. In order to verify the correctness and validity of the proposed theory, a special experimental platform is set up to test its start-up characteristics and anti-load disturbance performance. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional method, the sensorless control method can quickly and accurately estimate the motor speed, control the steady-state error within 0.5%, and effectively reduce the system cost.

Key words: SynRM, direct torque control, sensorless, sliding mode observer, phase-locked loop, piecewise saturation function, adaptive sliding mode gain design, CORDIC algorithm

中图分类号:

TP273

宗法鑫, 鲁文其, 鄢鹏飞, 鲁玉军. 基于SMO的SynRM无位置传感器直接转矩控制系统[J]. 电子科技, 2024, 37(12): 56-66.

ZONG Faxin, LU Wenqi, YAN Pengfei, LU Yujun. Position Sensorless Direct Torque Control System of SynRM Based on SMO[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2024, 37(12): 56-66.

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电机参数	数值	其他关键参数
额定转速/r·min^-1	3 000.0	磁粉离合器	ZF30WKB
额定转矩/N·m	4.8	转矩转速测量仪	DR-3000
极对数	3.0
功率因数	0.7
额定电压/V	380.0