基于遗传算法的平面麦克风阵列构型优化方法

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2023.07.004

Abstract

Abstract:

In the sound source localization system, the first problem to be solved is to use a smaller number of microphones and design an array configuration with better performance in a limited plane range. This sutdy proposes an array optimization method based on genetic algorithm to solve the problem. The design of the fitness objective function of the genetic algorithm comprehensively considers the array beam pattern, the width of the main lobe, the level of the side lobe and the number of microphones. By improving the genetic algorithm, the genetic algorithm can be realized in the application of microphone array optimization. The simulation results show that: compared with the traditional cross-shaped and rectangular planar regular arrays, the optimized array configuration can reduce the number of microphones used while ensuring the performance of the array. Compared with the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the array optimized by the improved genetic algorithm has better performance.

Key words: microphone array, genetic algorithm, beam pattern, main lobe, side lobe, main lobe width, sidelobe level, particle swarm algorithm

CLC Number:

TP912

ZHANG Dagui,ZHOU Zhifeng,ZHANG Yi. Optimization Method of Planar Microphone Array Configuration Based on Genetic Algorithm[J].Electronic Science and Technology, 2023, 36(7): 24-31.

Figures/Tables 13

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References 18

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遗传算法	麦克风阵列	实现方式
基因	麦克风坐标	矩阵元素位置
染色体	麦克风	矩阵元素
个体	一个阵列	一个矩阵
种群	多个阵列	多个矩阵

	矩形阵列	优化后阵列
麦克风数M	81	40
主瓣宽度BW_-3_dB	141	209
旁瓣级SLL/dB	-12.953 8	-12.262 3

	十字形阵列	优化后阵列
麦克风数M	17	16
主瓣宽度BW_-3_dB	277	227
旁瓣级SLL/dB	-5.231 6	-7.160 6

仿真次数	主瓣宽度	主瓣宽度增长百分比/%	旁瓣级 /dB	旁瓣级增长百分比/%
1	267	27.75	-11.191 9	8.73
2	307	46.89	-11.717 4	4.44
3	305	45.93	-11.308 9	7.78
4	291	39.23	-11.884 0	3.09
5	319	52.63	-11.241 1	8.33

仿真次数	主瓣宽度	主瓣宽度增长百分比/%	旁瓣级 /dB	旁瓣级增长百分比/%
1	223	-1.76	-6.732 5	5.98
2	217	-4.41	-6.491 2	9.35
3	223	-1.76	-6.655 9	7.05
4	233	2.64	-6.663 4	6.95
5	227	0.00	-6.745 9	5.79

Optimization Method of Planar Microphone Array Configuration Based on Genetic Algorithm

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